Use this page to explore a range of indicators related to health in London.
Infant mortality rate per 1,000 live births by London borough (2022)
Last updated: September 2024
Next estimated update: September 2025
What’s this indicator?
This indicator shows the infant mortality rate in London boroughs. This means the number of deaths of children under the age of one year, per 1,000 live births. The data is a three year average. You can view a map of this data at the bottom of the page.
What does it tell us?
Whilst infant mortality rates vary significantly across London boroughs, in all but ten boroughs, they are lower than in England overall.
The average number of deaths per 1,000 live births in 2022 was 3.3 in London, whereas in England it was 3.9. Lambeth and Hillingdon were the boroughs with the highest infant mortality rate in London (5.4 per 1,000 live births). Haringey was the London borough with the lowest infant mortality rate (1.6 per 1,000 live births).
Map of infant mortality …
Premature deaths per 100,000 under-75 year olds by London borough (2023)
Last updated: December 2024
Next estimated update: December 2025
What does this indicator show?
When somebody under the age of 75 dies, it counts as a premature death. This indicator shows the number of premature deaths per 100,000 under-75 year olds in each London borough.
What does it tell us?
The average number of deaths per 100,000 under-75 year olds in England is 342, whereas in London it is 305.
Nine London boroughs have a rate of premature deaths higher than England’s average. These boroughs are Barking and Dagenham (400 per 100,000 under-75 year olds), Lewisham (381), Tower Hamlets (376), Hackney (375), Islington (364), Southwark (362), Greenwich (361), Newham and Waltham Forest (both 347). The borough with the lowest premature death rate is Richmond (221 per 100,000).
City of London’s figures have been suppressed since their data sampl…
Childhood obesity for children in Year 6 by London borough (2013/14 and 2023/24)
Last updated: December 2024
Next estimated update: December 2025
What’s this indicator?
This indicator shows the proportion of children in year 6 (aged 10-11) that are considered obese in each London borough.
What does it tell us?
Childhood obesity is more prevalent in London than England overall. In 2023/24, some 24% of children in Year 6 were considered obese in London, compared to 22.1% in England.
Over the last decade, the prevalence of childhood obesity has risen by 1.6 percentage points in London and 3.0 percentage points in England. The majority of London boroughs had a higher prevalence of childhood obesity than England overall in both 2013/14 and 2023/24.
Public Health England’s latest figures in 2023/24 show that Barking and Dagenham has the highest proportion of childhood obesity out of all London boroughs at 29.3%. The boroughs that…
Life expectancy at birth by borough for men and women (2020 to 2022)
This indicator shows overall life expectancy at birth in each London borough.
Overall life expectancy is consistently higher for women than for men across all London boroughs (2020-2022). The highest life expectancy for women is in Kensington and Chelsea (86.3 years), and in Richmond upon Thames for men (82.4).
The lowest life expectancy for both men and women is in Barking and Dagenham - 76.3 years and 80.4 years respectively.
Healthy life expectancy
Healthy life expectancy is the number of years a person can expect to live in good health rather than with a disability or in poor health.
Although women have a higher life expectancy than men in every borough, in some boroughs men have a longer healthy life expectancy. For example, in Tower Hamlets a man can expect to live 65.3 years in good health, compared to 57.8 years for a woman.
Albeit rec…
Births and deaths in London (2012-2023)
Last updated: February 2025
Next estimated update: August 2025
What's this indicator?
This indicator shows the number of births and deaths in London every year. It helps us to understand how London's population is changing.
What does it tell us?
Each year, more people are born in London than die. Approximately 105,000 babies were born in 2023 and nearly 54,000 people died.
Pre-COVID, deaths of Londoners were at a fairly stable level around 50,000 per year. This jumped to 59,000 in the pandemic year of 2020. In 2021 and 2022 it looked like the numbers were gradually returning to pre-pandemic levels, however a small uptick in 2023 to 54,000 could suggest it is finding a new slightly higher post-pandemic level.
This isn't the case for births, which have consistently decreased in London in this time. In 2012, 134,000 babies were born in London - me…